FROM
THE EDITOR
This week, Bryon Moyer takes us back across the analog/digital divide with a look at high-speed serial and JESD204. With billions of bits blasting through just two wires every second, the analog world comes crashing into our comfy little digital domain like a truck with no brakes. Bryon's latest feature has the details.
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High-Speed Serial Comes to the Analog/Digital Divide
Lattice and Linear Technology Collaborate on JESD204
(Bryon Moyer)
Everyone knows that if you want to do things slowly, you do them one at a time. If you want to get more done, you get more people to help do things in parallel. Right? I mean, in the world of electronics, think “serial,” and what might come to mind is the slow, stately procession of bits plodding from your desktop to some not-very-needy peripheral. You want speed? Check out the parallel port, where multiple lines are willing and able to deliver the kind of data demanded by your more high-maintenance attention-craving peripherals.
Historically, this was also the case when hooking chips together on a board; any kind of real data transfer went on a bus, which by definition, consisted of parallel lines. And they got faster… and faster… until a couple of problems started to crop up. From an electrical standpoint, somewhere along the way you end up switching so fast that you actually can have multiple pulses on a wire at the same time, strung along, marching towards the end. And you’ve got a bunch of these wires, and they damn well better be EXACTLY the same length, or else you might mistakenly interpret line 5’s 791st bit as the 792nd bit. And with jitter, that could happen intermittently.
Oh, and then there’s the problem of how to clock the dang thing. Especially if you’re going across a backplane from one board to the other, and where there’s no master clock for both boards. If things are slow, well, slight differences in clock phase and frequency, if they matter at all, can be accommodated by FIFOs, or heck, even just double-buffering to harden against metastability. For those of you liking million-dollar words, such a system is called plesiochronous, meaning that it’s more or less synchronous, but there may be clock differences within some specified limit. [more]
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